Glossary of Terms

Articulation

A repetitive, rhythmic joint mobilisation technique used to restore normal range of movement. The joint is taken through its full range of motion in a controlled manner.

Craniosacral Therapy

A gentle osteopathic technique that works with the rhythmic movement of cerebrospinal fluid and the cranial bones, sacrum, and spinal cord. Used to release tension and improve the function of the central nervous system.

Dry Needling

A technique that involves the insertion of a thin needle into a trigger point to release muscular tension and pain. Unlike acupuncture, dry needling is based on Western anatomical and neurophysiological principles.

Fascia

A band or sheet of connective tissue, primarily composed of collagen, beneath the skin that attaches, stabilises, encloses, and separates muscles and other internal organs.

HVLA (High Velocity Low Amplitude)

A technique involving a quick, controlled thrust applied to a joint to restore normal movement. Often associated with the "cracking" sound heard during manipulation, which is caused by gas released from the joint fluid.

Lymphatic Drainage

Techniques designed to stimulate the movement of lymphatic fluid through the body, supporting immune function and reducing oedema (swelling).

Muscle Energy Technique (MET)

A technique in which the patient actively uses their muscles on request, while the osteopath provides a counterforce. Used to lengthen shortened muscles, strengthen weakened muscles, and mobilise restricted joints.

Myofascial Release

A hands-on technique that involves applying gentle, sustained pressure into the myofascial connective tissue to eliminate pain and restore motion.

Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT)

The application of hands-on techniques to diagnose, treat, and prevent illness or injury. OMT moves muscles and joints using stretching, gentle pressure, and resistance.

Primary Respiratory Mechanism

A concept in cranial osteopathy describing the inherent rhythmic movement of the cerebrospinal fluid and cranial bones. Osteopaths trained in cranial work can detect and work with these subtle movements.

Somatic Dysfunction

Impaired or altered function of related components of the somatic (body framework) system: skeletal, arthrodial, and myofascial structures, and related vascular, lymphatic, and neural elements.

Soft Tissue Technique

Manual techniques applied to the muscles, tendons, ligaments, and fascia to improve circulation, reduce tension, and restore normal tissue function.

Trigger Point

A hyperirritable spot within a taut band of skeletal muscle that is painful on compression and can give rise to characteristic referred pain, tenderness, and autonomic phenomena.